プルンバギン(plumbagin)または5-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1,4-ナフトキノン(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone)は、化学式がC11H8O3の有機化合物。生物毒と見なされる。
概要 プルンバギンは黄色の染料でBlack Walnut. Drugs.com.、形式的にナフトキノンから誘導される。
物質名の由来はルリマツリ属（Plumbago）から初めて単離されたことからVan der Vijver, L.M. 1972. Distribution of plumbagin in the Plumbaginaceae. Phytochemistry 11: 3247–3248.。この他、食虫植物のモウセンゴケ属、ウツボカズラ科の植物でも普遍的に見られるWang, W., X. Luo, & H. Li 2010. Terahertz and infrared spectra of plumbagin, juglone, and menadione. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 39(3): 82–88.。
薬理学的利用 抗菌剤Didry, N., L. Dubrevil & M. Pinkas 1994. Activity of anthraquinonic and naphthoquinonic compounds on oral bacteria. Die Pharmazie 49(9): 681–683.Paiva, S.R.d., M.R. Figueiredo, T. V. Aragão, M.A.C. Kaplan 2003. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98(7): 959–961. 抗マラリア剤Likhitwitayawuid, K., R. Kaewamatawong, N. Ruangrungsi & J. Krungkrai 1998. Antimalarial naphthoquinones from Nepenthes thorelii. Planta Medica 64(3): 237–241. 抗炎症剤Checker R., Sharma D., Sandur S.K., Subrahmanyam G., Krishnan S., Poduval T.B., Sainis K.B. "Plumbagin inhibits proliferative and inflammatory responses of T cells independent of ROS generation but by modulating intracellular thiols" Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2010 110:5 (1082-1093) 抗ガン剤Parimala, R. & P. Sachdanandam 1993. Effect of plumbagin on some glucose metabolizing enzymes studied in rats in experimental hepatoma. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 12(1): 59–63.Hsu, Y.-L., C.-Y. Cho, P.-L. Kuo, Y.-T. Huang & C.-C. Lin 2006. Plumbagin (5-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in A549 Cells through p53 Accumulation via c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase-Mediated Phosphorylation at Serine 15 in Vitro and in Vivo. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 318(2): 484–494. 強心剤Itoigawa, M., K. Takeya & H. Furukawa 1991. Cardiotonic action of plumbagin on guinea-pig papillary muscle. Planta Medica 57(4): 317–319. 免疫抑制薬McKallip, Robert J. Lombard, Catherine. Sun, Jingping. Ramakrishnan, Rupal. "Plumbagin-induced apoptosis in lymphocytes is mediated through increased reactive oxygen species production, upregulation of Fas, and activation of the caspase cascade."Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology. 247(1):41-52, 2010 Aug 15. 避妊作用Bhargava, S.K. 1984. Effects of plumbagin on reproductive function of male dog. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 22(3): 153–156. 神経防護作用Son TG. Camandola S. Arumugam TV. Cutler RG. Telljohann RS. Mughal MR. Moore TA. Luo W. Yu QS. Johnson DA. Johnson JA. Greig NH. Mattson MP. Plumbagin, a novel Nrf2/ARE activator, protects against cerebral ischemia. 抗動脈硬化効果Ding, Y., Z.-J. Chen, S. Liu, D. Che, M. Vetter, C.-H. Chang 2005. Inhibition of Nox-4 activity by plumbagin, a plant-derived bioactive naphthoquinone. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 57(1): 111.
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